From a clinical practice perspective, there is no single universally accepted diagnostic technique to diagnose flexible pes planus.
Paediatric flexible pes planus is further categorised as symptomatic and non-symptomatic, with the later subdivided into developmental (arch develops with age) and non-developmental (arch does not develop with age). The prevalence estimates of flat feet within the literature, whilst inconsistent, suggests that it is more frequently seen in younger children, males and those who are overweight or obese. While paediatric flexible pes planus is common, affecting around 48% to 77.9% children there is ambiguity in terms of its definition, diagnosis and management strategies. If the arch height does not change during non-weight bearing compared to weight-bearing it is classified as rigid pes planus which affects around 1% of the population.
Pes planus can be classified into two types, rigid and flexible, if the arch reforms in non-weight bearing compared to weight-bearing it is considered flexible pes planus which is often associated with hindfoot (also known as rearfoot) eversion. Pes planus, commonly known as flat feet, describes feet with lowered medial longitudinal arches.
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